國學(xué)故事：裴矩佞于隋而諍于唐。 <div>"Xi Jinping Tells Stories" (Selected Anti-Corruption Stories)<br></div><div>《習(xí)近平講故事》（廉政故事精選）</div> Pei Ju was a government official who served during both the Sui (581-618) and Tang (618-907) dynasties, but he had very different reputations in these two periods. 裴矩在隋唐時期做官，但他在兩朝的名聲卻不同。 According to historical records, Pei often flattered Emperor Yangdi of the Sui Dynasty. He never disagreed with the emperor’s ideas, even though he knew they might be wrong. Knowing that Emperor Yangdi was very warlike, Pei suggested fighting many wars. This, however, led to Sui’s downfall, as the wars cost too many human and material resources. 據(jù)歷史記載，裴矩在隋朝做官時，曾經(jīng)阿諛逢迎，溜須拍馬，即使明知隋煬帝的想法是錯的，他也想方設(shè)法滿足隋煬帝的要求；隋煬帝渴望戰(zhàn)爭，裴矩就支持發(fā)動對外戰(zhàn)爭。常年征戰(zhàn)花費了大量的人力物力，導(dǎo)致了隋朝的衰敗。 When the Tang Dynasty was established , Pei started to work for the new government. He seemed to become a totally different person. Instead of flattering Emperor Taizong, Pei always spoke out against his wrongs and tried his best to help Taizong make the right decisions. 可到了唐朝，裴矩率部降唐，他卻一反故態(tài)，總是敢于為唐太宗糾錯，并盡全力幫助太宗做出正確的決定，成了忠直敢諫的諍臣。 Why did Pei change? According to Chinese historian Sima Guang (1019-1086), Pei was affected by who he worked for Emperor Yangdi hated to be criticized , while Emperor Taizong loved to hear frank advice. That made the difference. 為什么裴矩改變了？史學(xué)家司馬光說：裴矩在隋朝奸佞而在唐朝正直，并非是性情有變化。而是受了君主的影響。隋帝不愿聽自己的過錯，那么正直的人也會變奸佞；唐太宗愿意聽真話，那么奸佞的人也可以變正直。 In this story, Pei Ju may not be a perfect role model for us. He seemed to be a person who “trims his sail to the wind ”. What we can learn from this, however, is that our surroundings make a difference. A good environment encourages you to do good deeds , while a bad one may lead you to do undesirable things. That’s why people say “a fine bird rests only on a fine tree, and a virtuous minister only serves a virtuous master ”. We should also try to put ourselves in a good environment where we can meet good teachers and friends. 故事中的裴矩可能不是我們的好榜樣，他似乎是個見風(fēng)使舵的人，但我們能從中領(lǐng)悟到的是氛圍的重要性。君主不愿臣下提缺點，則忠臣化為佞臣；君主喜歡臣下提批評意見，則佞臣變化為直言忠臣。所以人們常說：“良禽擇木而棲，賢臣擇主而事“。所以我們應(yīng)該投身到能遇到良師益友的好環(huán)境中去。 On the other hand, the story also shows that only those who are willing to hear criticism can benefit from it. 另一方面，這個故事還表明，只有那些愿意聽到批評的人才能從中受益。 In 2012, President Xi Jinping told this story at the Party School of the CPC Central Committee . He said that government officials should be open-minded and welcome frank advice. 2012年，習(xí)近平主席在中共中央黨校講了這個故事。 他說，政府官員應(yīng)持開放態(tài)度，歡迎坦率的建議。 This also applies to us. Do you want fake friends who only please you but don’t care about you, or true friends who can sincerely point out your mistakes? It’s up to you. 這也適用于我們。 您是想要只取悅于你卻不關(guān)心您的假朋友，還是真誠地指出您的錯誤的真正朋友？ 由你決定。